What is the key reasoning behind the FDA's strong advisory against consuming any part of the *Asarum* plant?

Answer

The presence of aristolochic acid, a known nephrotoxin and carcinogen

The advisory issued by the FDA and other international health organizations against consuming *Asarum* is based entirely on its established chemical profile. The plant contains aristolochic acid, a compound with severe toxicological consequences, being both highly damaging to the kidneys (nephrotoxic) and capable of causing cancer (carcinogenic). Because the danger is well-established through documented cases of severe health outcomes linked to ingestion, the risk associated with even small amounts of the rhizome overrides any potential historical or superficial flavoring attributes.

What is the key reasoning behind the FDA's strong advisory against consuming any part of the *Asarum* plant?
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