Excessive proliferation of mesangial cells leads to reduced filtering capacity within which kidney structures?
Answer
Glomeruli
Mesangial cells are structural components that reside within the glomeruli. The glomeruli are the microscopic tufts of capillaries that constitute the primary filtering units of the kidney, responsible for screening waste products from the blood. In the context of diabetic nephropathy, the overgrowth, or proliferation, of these supporting mesangial cells exerts mechanical pressure and disrupts the architecture of the glomerulus. This structural disruption ultimately results in a significant reduction in the efficiency and capacity of the entire filtration process performed by the glomeruli.
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