What testicular antioxidant enzymes are enhanced by onion treatment against oxidative stress?
Answer
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase
Oxidative stress, caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), severely impairs sperm function, motility, and DNA integrity. Onions counter this pervasive damage by strengthening the body's internal defense mechanisms. Specifically, treatment involving onions has been documented to increase the functional activity of key testicular antioxidant enzymes. The primary enzymes noted for this defensive enhancement are superoxide dismutase (SOD), which deals with superoxide radicals, and glutathione reductase, both integral components of the cell's machinery for neutralizing harmful oxidative byproducts and maintaining cellular homeostasis within the testes.
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