What primary symptoms are noted in livestock after consuming the foliage or bulbs of *Ornithogalum*?
Answer
Gastrointestinal distress, vomiting, and cardiac irregularities
Ingestion of *Ornithogalum* by grazing animals like cattle, sheep, and horses elicits several distinct adverse effects that stem from the plant's toxic load. The initial signs of poisoning typically involve the digestive system, manifesting as pronounced gastrointestinal distress and the act of vomiting. Crucially, the systemic toxins also affect the cardiovascular system, leading to observable cardiac irregularities. These combined symptoms demonstrate that the toxicity is not localized to the gut but impacts vital physiological functions, mandating immediate concern if livestock access is suspected.
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