What barrier must PM2.5 cross to enter the bloodstream directly after lodging in the lungs?
Answer
The barrier between the lungs and the circulatory system
The primary mechanism by which fine particulate matter, specifically PM2.5, causes body-wide harm involves translocation from the lungs into the general circulation. Once these minute particles, measuring 2.5 micrometers or less, lodge themselves deep within the air sacs known as alveoli, they are small enough to breach the crucial physical barrier that separates the pulmonary system from the vascular network. Crossing this barrier allows the particles direct entry into the bloodstream, leading to systemic distribution which turns what might seem like a localized respiratory issue into a widespread health concern affecting virtually every organ system in the body.
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