What complex carbohydrates in legumes are often responsible for gas and bloating?
Oligosaccharides
The sensation of gas and bloating often associated with consuming legumes stems from specific types of complex carbohydrates called oligosaccharides. These compounds resist digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract because humans lack the necessary enzymes, such as alpha-galactosidase, required to break them down completely. As these undigested oligosaccharides travel into the colon, they become a substrate for fermentation by the resident gut bacteria. This bacterial fermentation process naturally produces various gases, such as methane and hydrogen, which lead to feelings of distension and flatulence. The ability of a bean to be considered 'easy to digest' hinges significantly on reducing or successfully processing these specific carbohydrate compounds through proper preparation.
