What must be added to Plaster of Paris powder to initiate the hardening process?
Answer
Water
The transformation of Plaster of Paris powder into a rigid cast is predicated on a specific chemical reaction triggered solely by the introduction of water. The raw material is calcium sulfate hemihydrate. When this powder is mixed with water, hydration occurs, causing the material to chemically convert back into calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum). This chemical binding and crystallization process releases heat and rapidly solidifies the mixture, creating the necessary rigid shell around the injured limb. Without the addition of water, the powder remains inert, and no structural support is established.
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