What causes the uncomfortable puffiness or fluid retention associated with high sodium consumption?

Answer

The body requires water to dilute the increased concentration of sodium in the bloodstream.

When a substantial amount of sodium enters the bloodstream, the concentration of sodium ions rises above the body's preferred level. To restore balance and avoid dangerously high osmotic pressure, the body responds by pulling water into the circulatory system and interstitial spaces to dilute this elevated sodium concentration. This necessary physiological response manifests externally as noticeable water retention, often causing swelling in extremities like the hands and feet or puffiness around the face. While this temporary weight gain is a signal that the system is processing a high sodium load, it usually resolves once the kidneys successfully excrete the excess sodium and the accompanying retained water.

What causes the uncomfortable puffiness or fluid retention associated with high sodium consumption?

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