How does the Clinical Research Associate (CRA) typically differ from the Clinical Research Coordinator (CRC)?

The CRA focuses on monitoring compliance across sites, usually working for the sponsor/CRO.

A key distinction exists based on employment and primary function. The Clinical Research Coordinator (CRC) is an indispensable member of the investigative site staff, working under the PI to execute the day-to-day protocol activities, manage scheduling, and ensure data collection is completed accurately for that specific location. Conversely, the Clinical Research Associate (CRA), often employed directly by the sponsor or a Contract Research Organization (CRO), is tasked with monitoring activities. The CRA travels to sites specifically to review clinical documentation, verify adherence to the protocol, and ensure overall compliance with regulations and GCP across multiple sites, acting as the primary liaison between the sponsor and the site staff regarding oversight issues.