What condition involves distinct white patches where pigment cells have stopped functioning?
Answer
Vitiligo
Vitiligo is specifically characterized by the appearance of distinct white patches on the skin. This manifestation occurs because the pigment-producing cells, known as melanocytes, cease functioning entirely in those localized areas, leading to a complete absence of normal skin color in those spots. This is distinct from general hypopigmentation, which involves reduced melanin production, or depigmentation, which signifies complete pigment loss, although vitiligo results in areas that appear completely depigmented. Melasma, conversely, involves excess pigment, usually appearing brown or gray.
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